Iimethi zeFayibha zeglasi
1.I-Strand Mat eQiweyo (CSM)Ukujikeleza ngefayibha yeglasi(ngamanye amaxesha kwakhona ukuzulazula okuqhubekayo) kusikwa kubude obuyi-50mm, ngokungacwangciswanga kodwa ngokulinganayo kubekwe kwibhanti yomnatha wokuhambisa. Isibophelelo se-emulsion sisetyenziswa, okanye i-powder binder igalelwe uthuli, kwaye izinto ziyafudunyezwa kwaye zinyangelwe ukwenza i-strand mat enqunqiweyo. I-CSM isetyenziswa ikakhulu kulwaleko lwezandla, ukwenziwa kwephaneli eqhubekayo, ukubumba ukufa okuhambelanayo, kunye neenkqubo ze-SMC (Sheet Molding Compound). Iimfuno zomgangatho we-CSM ziquka:
- Ubunzima bendawo efanayo kububanzi.
- Ukusabalalisa okufanayo kweentambo ezinqunqiweyo kumphezulu we-mat ngaphandle kwe-voids enkulu, kunye nokusabalalisa i-binder efanayo.
- Amandla omethi owomileyo aphakathi.
- I-resin egqwesileyo yokumanzisa kunye neempawu zokungena.
2.I-Filament Mat eqhubekayo (CFM)Iifilaments eziqhubekayo zeglasi ezenziwe ngexesha lokuzoba okanye zikhutshwe kwiipakethi zokujikeleza zibekwe phantsi kwipatheni ye-fiber-eight kwibhanti ye-mesh eqhubekayo ehambayo kwaye iboshwe nge-powder binder. Ekubeni iintsinga kwi-CFM ziqhubeka, zibonelela ngokuqiniswa okungcono kwizinto ezidibeneyo kune-CSM. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-pultrusion, i-RTM (i-Resin Transfer Molding), ukubunjwa kwengxowa yoxinzelelo, kunye ne-GMT (i-Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics) iinkqubo.
3.Ukujonga iMatIimveliso zeFRP (iFiber Reinforced Plastic) zidla ngokufuna umaleko womphezulu otyebileyo weresin, ofumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iglasi yealkali ephakathi (iC-glass) ejongene nemethi. Njengoko le mat yenziwe kwi-C-glass, ibonelela nge-FRP ngokumelana neekhemikhali, ngakumbi ukumelana ne-asidi. Ukongeza, ngenxa yokubhitya kwayo kunye nedayimitha yefayibha ecolekileyo, inokufunxa intlaka eninzi ukuze yenze umaleko otyebileyo weresin, egquma ukuthungwa kwezixhobo zokuqinisa ifayibha yeglasi (njenge-roving ephothiweyo) kwaye isebenze njengendawo yokugqiba.
4.Kufuneka MatInokwahlulwa ngokweFilament eQiweyo eneNeedled Mat kunye neFilament eqhubekayo iNeedled Mat.
- IFayibha eQiweyo eneNeeded Matyenziwa ngokunqunqa ifayibha yeglasi ijikeleza ibe bubude obuyi-50mm, ibekwe ngokungacwangciswanga kwisubstrate ebibekwe ngaphambili kwibhanti yokuhambisa, emva koko uyihlafune ngeenaliti ezihlabayo. Iinaliti zityhala iintsinga ezinqunqiweyo kwi-substrate, kwaye ii-barbs nazo zizisa ezinye iintsinga phezulu, zenza isakhiwo esine-dimensional ezintathu. I-substrate esetyenzisiweyo ingaba yilaphu elilukiweyo leglasi okanye ezinye iifiber. Olu hlobo lwe-mat enenaliti lunokwakheka okuvakala ngathi. Usetyenziso lwayo oluphambili lubandakanya izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal kunye ne-acoustic, izixhobo ze-lining, kunye nezixhobo zokucoca. Inokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwimveliso ye-FRP, kodwa i-FRP enesiphumo inamandla aphantsi kunye nomda wesicelo esilinganiselwe.
- I-Filament eqhubekayo iNeeded Matyenziwa ngokujula ngokungakhethiyo igilasi yefilaments eqhubekayo kwibhanti yomnatha eqhubekayo kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokusasaza intambo, ilandelwe yinaliti ngebhodi yenaliti ukwenza i-mat ene-interloven ye-interloved ye-fiber structure. Le mat isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso yefiber yeglasi eyomelezwe ngamashiti estampable thermoplastic.
5.Ithungelwe iMatIintsinga zeglasi ezinqunqiweyo ukusuka kwi-50mm ukuya kwi-60cm ubude zinokudityaniswa kunye nomatshini wokuthunga ukwenza i-fiber mat enqunqiweyo okanye i-fiber mat ende. Eyangaphambili ingathatha indawo ye-CSM edityanisiweyo yemveli kwezinye izicelo, kwaye le yokugqibela inako, ukusa kwinqanaba elithile, endaweni yeCFM. Iinzuzo zabo eziqhelekileyo kukungabikho kwezibophelelo, ukuphepha ukungcola ngexesha lokuvelisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-resin impregnation, kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Iilaphu zeFayibha zeglasi
Oku kulandelayo kwazisa amalaphu ohlukeneyo eglasi osinga elukiweyoimisonto yeglasi yefibre.
1.Ilaphu leglasiIlaphu leglasi eliveliswe eChina lihlulwe libe yi-alkali-free (E-glass) kunye ne-medium-alkali (C-glass) iintlobo; uninzi lwemveliso yangaphandle isebenzisa i-E-GLASS ilaphu leglasi le-alkali-free. Ilaphu leglasi lisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuvelisa amalaphu okugquma ombane ahlukeneyo, iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo, imizimba yezithuthi, amatanki okugcina, amaphenyane, imibundu, njl njl. Ilaphu leglasi eliphakathi-alkali lisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuvelisa amalaphu okupakisha agqunywe ngeplastikhi kunye nezicelo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokudumba. Iimpawu zelaphu zimiselwa ziipropathi zefiber, i-warp kunye ne-weft density, ukwakheka komsonto, kunye nepateni yokuluka. Ukuxinana kwe-Warp kunye ne-weft kumiselwa yisakhiwo somsonto kunye nepateni yokuluka. Indibaniselwano ye-warp kunye ne-weft density kunye nesakhiwo somsonto simisela iimpawu ezibonakalayo zelaphu, ezifana nobunzima, ubukhulu, kunye namandla okuqhawula. Kukho iipateni ezintlanu ezisisiseko zokuluka: i-plain (efana ne-roving ephothiweyo), i-twill (ngokubanzi ± 45°), i-satin (ifana nelaphu le-unidirectional), i-leno (engundoqo we-weave ye-glass fiber mesh), kunye nee-matts (ezifana nelaphu le-oxford).
2.ITape yeFayibha yeglasiUkwahlulwe kwiteyiphu ephothiweyo (i-selvage edge) kunye ne-non-loven-edge tape (ungqameko oluqhekezayo). Ipateni engundoqo yokuluka icacile. Iteyiphu yefiber yeglasi engenaalkali isoloko isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zombane ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zedielectric.
3.Ilaphu le-Glass Fiber Unidirectional
- Unidirectional Warp Fabriclilaphu lesatin elineentambo ezine ezaphukileyo okanye elenziwe ngelaphu lesatin elide elalukwa ngemisonto erhabaxa kunye nemisonto ecolekileyo. Uphawu lwayo lunamandla aphezulu ngokuyinhloko kwicala le-warp (0 °).
- Kukho kwakhonaIlaphu le-Glass Fiber Unidirectional Weft, efumaneka kuzo zombini iindidi ezithungelweyo nezilukiweyo. Ibonakala ngemisonto erhabaxa yeweft kunye nemisonto ecolekileyo yokuluka, kunye nemisonto yefiber yeglasi ejolise ikakhulu kwicala le weft, inika amandla aphezulu kwicala le weft (90 °).
4.Ilaphu leGlass Fiber 3D (Ilaphu leStereoscopic)Amalaphu e-3D anxulumene namalaphu acwangcisiweyo. Iimpawu zabo zesakhiwo ziye zavela kwi-dimensional enye kunye ne-dimensional-dimensional ukuya kwi-dimensional emithathu, inika izinto ezidibeneyo eziqiniswe ngabo ingqibelelo efanelekileyo kunye nokuhambelana, ukuphucula ngokubonakalayo amandla okucheba kwe-interlaminar kunye nokunyamezela ukuchasana nomonakalo we-composites. Zaye zaphuhliswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo ze-aerospace, inqwelomoya, izixhobo, kunye namacandelo aselwandle, kwaye isicelo sabo ngoku sandisiwe ukubandakanya iimoto, iimpahla zemidlalo kunye nezixhobo zonyango. Kukho iindidi ezintlanu eziphambili: ilaphu elilukiweyo le-3D, amalaphu e-3D anithiweyo, amalaphu e-3D e-orthogonal kunye ne-non-orthogonal angeyocrimp, amalaphu aphothiweyo e-3D, kunye nezinye iindlela zamalaphu e-3D. Iimilo zeelaphu ze-3D ziquka ibhloko, i-columnar, i-tubular, i-cone e-truncated e-hollow, kunye ne-variable-thickness-non-cross-sections.
5.Ilaphu leFiber Preform yeGlass (Ilaphu elimilisekileyo)Ubume bamalaphu e-preform bufana kakhulu nobume bemveliso abajonge ukuyiqinisa, kwaye kufuneka balukwe kwii-looms ezinikezelweyo. Amalaphu amile okwe-Symmetrical aquka: iminqwazi engqukuva, iicones, iminqwazi, amalaphu amile okwedumbbell, njl njl.
6.Ilaphu leGlass iFayibha enguNdoqo (Ilaphu elithungayo ngokutyeba)Ilaphu elingundoqo liqulathe iileya ezimbini ezinxuseneyo zelaphu ezidityaniswe yimicu emide emide. Ubume bayo obunqamlezayo bunokuba ngunxantathu, uxande, okanye incindi yobusi.
7.Ilaphu eliDityanisiweyo leGlasi ngeFayibha (iMata enithiweyo okanye iMathi elukiweyo)Ihluke kwimpahla eqhelekileyo kunye nengqiqo eqhelekileyo ye-mat. Elona laphu lidityanisiweyo lidityaniswe ngomthungo lenziwa ngokugquma umaleko omnye womsonto we-warp kunye nolunye umaleko womsonto we-weft, kwaye emva koko udibanise ukwenza ilaphu. Izinto eziluncedo kwilaphu elidityanisiweyo liquka:
- Inokonyusa amandla okugqibela okuqina, amandla e-anti-delamination phantsi koxinzelelo, kunye namandla aguqukayo e-FRP laminates.
- Iyanciphisa ubunzimaIimveliso zeFRP.
- Umphezulu othe tyaba wenza umphezulu we-FRP ube lula.
- Yenza lula umsebenzi wokubeka izandla kwaye iphucule imveliso yabasebenzi. Le nto yokuqinisa ingathatha indawo ye-CFM kwi-pultruded FRP kunye ne-RTM, kwaye inokubuyisela i-roving ephothiweyo kwimveliso yombhobho we-centrifugal we-FRP.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-22-2025
