Inkcazo yeePlastiki zokubumba zePhenolic (FX501/AG-4V)

Iiplastiki zibhekisa kwizinto ezenziwe kakhulu ziiresini (okanye ii-monomers ezenziwe nge-polymer ngqo ngexesha lokucubungula), zongezwa ngezithako ezifana neeplastiki, izizalisi, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye nezinto ezifaka imibala, ezinokubunjwa zibe yimo ngexesha lokucubungula.

Iimpawu eziphambili zePlastiki:

① Uninzi lweeplastiki zikhaphukhaphu kwaye aziguquguquki kwiikhemikhali, ziyamelana nokugqwala.

② Ukumelana kakuhle neempembelelo.

③ Ukukhanya okuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.

④ Iipropati zokukhusela ubushushu ezinomoya ophantsi.

⑤ Kulula ukuyibumba, ukuyipenda, kunye nokuyicubungula ngexabiso eliphantsi.

⑥ Uninzi lweeplastiki azinawo amandla okumelana nobushushu, zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ziyatsha.

⑦ Ukungazinzi kobukhulu, okubangela ukuguquguquka.

⑧ Iiplastiki ezininzi azibonakali zisebenza kakuhle kubushushu obuphantsi, ziqhekeka xa kubanda.

⑨ Iyakwazi ukwaluphala.

⑩ Ezinye iiplastiki zinyibilika lula kwizinyibilikisi.

Ii-resin ze-phenoliczisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ze-FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastic) ezifuna iipropati ze-FST (Fire, Smoke, and Toxicity). Nangona kukho imida ethile (ingakumbi uburhabaxa), ii-phenolic resins zihlala ziyinxalenye ephambili yee-resins zorhwebo, kunye nemveliso yonyaka yehlabathi ephantse ibe ziitoni ezi-6 zezigidi. Ii-phenolic resins zibonelela ngozinzo oluhle kakhulu kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali, zigcina uzinzo ngaphakathi kobubanzi bobushushu obuyi-150–180°C. Ezi propati, kunye nenzuzo yazo yokusebenza kweendleko, ziqhuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo okuqhubekayo kwiimveliso ze-FRP. Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka izinto zangaphakathi zeenqwelo moya, ii-cargo liner, interiors zezithuthi zikaloliwe, ii-gratings kunye neepayipi ze-oyile zaselwandle, izinto ze-tunnel, izinto zokungqubana, i-rocket nozzle insulation, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinxulumene ne-FST.

Iintlobo zeeFiber-Reinforced Phenolic Composites

Ii-phenolic composites eziqiniswe yifayibhaziquka izinto eziphuculweyo ngeefayibha ezinqunqiweyo, amalaphu, kunye neefayibha eziqhubekayo. Iifayibha ezinqunqiweyo zakuqala (umz., umthi, i-cellulose) zisasetyenziswa kwiikhompawundi ze-phenolic molding kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, ingakumbi iindawo zemoto ezifana nezigqubuthelo zepompo yamanzi kunye nezinto zokungqubana. Iikhompawundi ze-phenolic molding zanamhlanje ziquka iifayibha zeglasi, iifayibha zesinyithi, okanye kutshanje, iifayibha zekhabhoni. Ii-phenolic resins ezisetyenziswa kwiikhompawundi ze-molding zii-novolac resins, ezinyangwa nge-hexamethylenetetramine.

Izinto zelaphu ezifakwe ngaphambili zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), izakhiwo zesandwich zehoneycomb, ukhuseleko lwe-ballistic, iiphaneli zangaphakathi zeenqwelo-moya, kunye nee-cargo liner. Iimveliso eziqiniswe ngefayibha rhoqo zenziwa ngokujija okanye ukugquma. Ilaphu kunye nokuqhubekekaizinto ezidityanisiweyo ngefayibhaNgokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa ii-resole phenolic resins ezinyibilikayo emanzini okanye kwi-solvent. Ngaphaya kwee-resole phenolics, ezinye iinkqubo ze-phenolic ezinxulumene nazo—ezifana nee-benzoxazines, ii-cyanate esters, kunye ne-resin entsha yeCalidur™—nazo ziyasetyenziswa kwi-FRP.

I-Benzoxazine luhlobo olutsha lwe-phenolic resin. Ngokungafaniyo ne-phenolics zemveli, apho amacandelo e-molecular adityaniswe nge-methylene bridges [-CH₂-], ii-benzoxazines zenza isakhiwo esijikelezayo. Ii-Benzoxazines zenziwa lula kwizinto ze-phenolic (bisphenol okanye i-novolac), ii-primary amines, kunye ne-formaldehyde. I-ring-opening polymerization yazo ayivelisi mveliso okanye i-volatiles, nto leyo ephucula uzinzo lobukhulu bemveliso yokugqibela. Ukongeza ekuchaseni okuphezulu kobushushu kunye nomlilo, ii-benzoxazine resin zibonisa iimpawu ezingekhoyo kwi-phenolics zemveli, njengokufunxwa komswakama okuphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-dielectric.

I-Calidur™ yi-resin ye-polyarylether amide thermosetting yesizukulwana esilandelayo, enecandelo elinye, ezinzileyo kubushushu begumbi eyenziwe yi-Evonik Degussa kwimizi-mveliso yeenqwelo-moya kunye ne-elektroniki. I-Thisresin iyaphilisa kwi-140°C kwiiyure ezi-2, kunye nobushushu bokutshintsha kweglasi (Tg) obuyi-195°C. Okwangoku, i-Calidur™ ibonisa iingenelo ezininzi ze-composites ezisebenzayo eziphezulu: akukho kukhutshwa kwe-volatible, impendulo ephantsi ye-exothermic kunye nokuncipha ngexesha lokunyanga, amandla aphezulu obushushu kunye nokumanzi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-composite kunye namandla okucheba, kunye nokuqina okugqwesileyo. Le resin intsha isebenza njengendlela engabizi kakhulu kune-epoxy ephakathi ukuya kwephezulu ye-Tg, i-bismaleimide, kunye ne-cyanate ester resins kwi-aerospace, ezothutho, iimoto, umbane/i-elektroniki, kunye nezinye izicelo ezifuna amandla.