Ukusuka kwiLitye eliQinileyo ukuya kwiSimangaliso seTekhnoloji: Utshintsho lweFiber yeGlasi yeQuartz

Yintoni i-quartz glass fiber?

Ifayibha yeglasi yeQuartzyifayibha engabonakaliyo ene-silicon dioxide (SiO₂) yobumsulwa obuyi-≥99.9% njengenxalenye yayo ephambili. Yenziwa ngenkqubo yokuzoba intonga ye-silica edityanisiweyo. Le fayibha idibanisa iimpawu ezininzi ezintle kunye neempawu ze-quartz eqinileyo, nto leyo eyenza ibe yinto ebalaseleyo yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Ingadityaniswa neeseramikhi, i-alumina, ii-nitrides, kunye nezinye izinto ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukwenza izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo. Intambo yefayibha yeQuartz yenziwa ngokujija nokupeyinta iifilaments eziluhlaza.

Kutheni i-quartz fiber inamandla kangaka, kwaye ziziphi iimpawu zayo ezibalaseleyo?

1. I-fiber yeglasi ye-quartz inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nobushushu obuphezulu. Ubushushu bayo obusebenza ixesha elide yi-1050-1200℃, kwaye ukumelana kwayo nobushushu obukhawulezileyo kufikelela kwi-1700℃. Igcina amandla aphezulu phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, ayimelani nobushushu kunye nokutsalwa kwenkunkuma, kwaye ingasetyenziswa ekukhuseleni ubushushu be-aerospace, kwii-nozzles ze-rocket engine, nakwizinto zokukhusela ubushushu obuphezulu.

2. Ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-dielectric kunye nokudluliselwa kwamaza okuhle. I-dielectric constant yayo iphantsi njenge-3.7, kwaye i-dielectric loss coefficient yayo yi-<0.001>. Ine-signal signal loss esezantsi kunye nokudluliselwa kwamaza aphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99.3%), enye yeempawu eziphambili zokusebenza ezenza ukuba ifaneleke kwii-radar domes, ii-antenna radomes, ii-substrates zonxibelelwano ze-5G, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ii-missile.

3. I-quartz fiber inamandla aphezulu oomatshini. Amandla ayo okutsalwa anokufikelela kwi->1500MPa, ubuninzi be-2.29g/cm³, isakhiwo esikhaphukhaphu kodwa esomeleleyo, kunciphisa ubunzima bezixhobo ngelixa zigcina ukuqina. Ngaphezu koko, inokudityaniswa nezinye izixhobo ukwenza uqinisekiso oludibeneyo olusebenza kakuhle, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kwiindawo zesathelayithi.

4. Uzinzo lwayo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali luphawuleka. Ngomxholo weSiO₂ ≥99.9%, ibonisa ukungangeni kakuhle kweekhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, ikwazi ukumelana neendawo ezinzima zeekhemikhali. Oku kuyenza ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizixhobo zokucubungula ii-semiconductor, izixhobo zokucoca ezinobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neenkampani zokuthwala iikhemikhali.

Iimveliso ezenziwe ngefayibha yeglasi ye-quartz zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi.

1. Uboya beQuartz kunye nefeliti yoboya beQuartz ziqhelekile kwabo benza uvavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu. Ezi ziifayibha ezimfutshane ezithambileyo ezenziwe ngeefayibha zeQuartz ezivuthuziweyo okanye ezitsaliweyo, ezingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo okanye zenziwe ifeliti. 1. Uboya beQuartz bubonakala ngokuba nombala okhanyayo, onemingxuma kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba bube yinto entle kakhulu yokufudumala eshushu. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiileya zokufudumala zeenqwelo-moya okanye kwizixhobo zoshishino zobushushu obuphezulu. Izixhobo zokufudumala ezimhlophe, ezithambileyo, ezifana nekotoni kunye nezixhobo zokufudumala ezifana nequilt kumaqonga kwiifeni zetyhubhu zelebhu kunye neefeni zokufudumala ezibandayo yifeliti yoboya beQuartz kunye nefeliti yoboya beQuartz.

2. Ukusika okuqhubekayoimicu ye-quartzukuya kubude obumiselweyo kuvelisa imicu ye-quartz eqoshiweyo. Ezi zinokuxutywa zibe zii-resins ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu njengee-reinforcement agents kunye nee-agents ezithumela amaza, kwaye zibunjwe kunye ukwenza izinto ezithintela ubushushu okanye ezithintela ubushushu zokuvelisa izinto ezifana nee-missile radomes.

3. Intambo yefayibha yeQuartz yintambo eqhubekayo kwaye isebenza njengesixhobo esisisiseko sokuluka okulandelayo. Njengenye yeefayibha eziguquguqukayo ezingabonakaliyo ezimelana nobushushu kwaye zisebenza kakuhle nge-dielectrically, idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesigaba sokuqinisa ukuluka amalaphu ahlukeneyo okanye ngokuthe ngqo ekujijeni nasekubumbeni izinto ezidityanisiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, ubuchwepheshe bokuluka obuphambili obunemilinganiselo emithathu buvumela iifayibha ukuba zilukwe esithubeni. Esi sakhiwo sinobume obuqinileyo ngokubanzi, okwenza sibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokwenza izinto ezintsonkothileyo nezithwala umthwalo omkhulu ezifana nee-nozzles ze-rocket engine.

4. Ilaphu lefayibha yeQuartzluthungwe ngentambo kusetyenziswa i-plain weave, i-twill weave, i-satin weave, kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Njengezinto zokuqinisa, ludityaniswe nee-matrices ezifana ne-polyimide kunye ne-epoxy resin ukuvelisa izinto zesakhiwo ezishushu kakhulu kwiinqwelo-moya, iirokethi, kunye nee-missile, kunye nezinto ezikhusela ubushushu okanye ezimelana ne-ablation zee-antenna zesathelayithi kunye neebhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo ezisebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi.