Izinto eziphambili zenkqubo ezichaphazela ukunyibilika kweglasi zidlulela ngaphaya kwesigaba sokunyibilika ngokwaso, njengoko zichatshazelwa ziimeko zangaphambi kokunyibilika ezifana nomgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza, unyango kunye nolawulo lwe-cullet, iimpawu zepetroli, izinto ezichasene ne-furnace, uxinzelelo lwe-furnace, umoya, kunye nokukhethwa kwee-fining agents. Apha ngezantsi kukho uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lwezi zinto:
ⅠUkulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye noLawulo loMgangatho
1. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zeBatch
Iikhompawundi zeSiO₂ kunye neekhompawundi ezirhabaxa: Umxholo weSiO₂, i-Al₂O₃, i-ZrO₂, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezirhabaxa uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokunyibilika. Umxholo ophezulu unyusa ubushushu obufunekayo bokunyibilika kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ii-Alkali Metal Oxides (umz., Na₂O, Li₂O): Yehlisa ubushushu bokunyibilika. I-Li₂O, ngenxa ye-radius yayo encinci ye-ionic kunye ne-electronegativity ephezulu, isebenza kakhulu kwaye inokuphucula iipropati zomzimba zeglasi.
2. Ibhetshi Ngaphambi Konyango
Ulawulo lokufuma:
Ukufuma Okufanelekileyo (3% ~ 5%): Kuphucula ukumanzisa kunye nokusabela, kunciphisa uthuli kunye nokwahlukana;
Ukufuma Okugqithisileyo: Kubangela ukulinganisa iimpazamo kwaye kwandise ixesha lokucoca.
Ukusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana:
Iinxalenye Ezirhabaxa Ezigqithisileyo: Zinciphisa indawo yokudibana kwempendulo, zandisa ixesha lokunyibilika;
Iinxalenye Ezincinci Ezigqithisileyo: Zikhokelela ekuhlanganiseni nasekufakweni kwe-electrostatic, nto leyo ethintela ukunyibilika okufanayo.
3. Ulawulo lweCullet
I-Cullet mayicoceke, ingabi nabumdaka, kwaye ilingane nobukhulu beesuntswana zezinto eziluhlaza ezintsha ukuze kuthintelwe ukungenisa amaqamza okanye iintsalela ezinganyibilikiyo.
Ⅱ. Uyilo lweSithando somlilokunye nePropati yeFuel
1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezirhabaxa
Ukumelana nokukhukuleka okushushu kakhulu: izitena ze-zirconium eziphezulu kunye nezitena ze-zirconium corundum ezixutywe nge-electrofused (AZS) kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo yodonga lwedama lokuqubha, ezantsi kwesithando somlilo nakwezinye iindawo ezidibana nolwelo lweglasi, ukuze kuncitshiswe iziphene zamatye ezibangelwa kukukhukuleka kweekhemikhali kunye nokukhuhla.
Uzinzo lobushushu: Lumelana nokuguquguquka kobushushu kwaye uphephe ukuqhekeka okubangelwa kukuxinana kobushushu.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli kunye nokutsha
Ixabiso leekhalori zepetroli kunye nomoya wokutsha (ukuxovula/ukunciphisa) kufuneka uhambelane nokwakheka kweglasi. Umzekelo:
Igesi yendalo/Ioyile enzima: Ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lomlinganiselo womoya-mafutha ukuze kuthintelwe iintsalela ze-sulfide;
Ukunyibilika ngombane: Kufanelekile ukunyibilika ngokuchanekileyo (umz.,iglasi ebonakalayo) kodwa isebenzisa amandla angakumbi.
ⅢUkulungiswa kweParameter yeNkqubo yokuNyibilikisa
1. Ulawulo lobushushu
Ubushushu bokunyibilika (1450~1500℃): Ukonyuka kobushushu nge-1℃ kunokunyusa izinga lokunyibilika nge-1%, kodwa ukukhukuliseka okungenakuphikiswa kuyaphindaphindeka kabini. Ulungelelwano phakathi kokusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi bezixhobo luyimfuneko.
Ukusasazwa kobushushu: Ulawulo lwe-gradient kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesithando (ukunyibilika, ukucola, ukupholisa) kubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye iintsalela ezinganyibilikiyo.
2. Umoya ongqongileyo kunye noxinzelelo
I-Atmosphere eXoxidating: Ikhuthaza ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo kodwa inokuqinisa ukuxovwa kwe-sulfide;
Ukunciphisa i-Atmosphere: Ithintela umbala we-Fe³+ (kwiglasi engenambala) kodwa ifuna ukuphepha ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni;
Uzinzo loxinzelelo lweSithando somlilo: Uxinzelelo oluncinci olulungileyo (+2~5 Pa) luthintela ukungena komoya obandayo kwaye luqinisekisa ukususwa kwamaqamza.
3. Iiarhente zokuHlawula kunye neeFluxes
Iifluorides (umz., iCaF₂): Yehlisa i-melt viscosity kwaye ukhawulezise ukususwa kwamaqamza;
IiNitrates (umz., NaNO₃): Khulula ioksijini ukuze kukhuthazwe ukucocwa kwe-oxidative;
IiFluxes ezidityanisiweyo**: umz., iLi₂CO₃ + iNa₂CO₃, ubushushu bokunyibilika obuphantsi ngokudibeneyo.
ⅣUkubeka esweni okunamandla kwenkqubo yokunyibilikisa
1. Ukunyibilika kobungqindilili kunye nokunyibilika
Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kusetyenziswa ii-viscometer ezijikelezayo ukulungisa umlinganiselo wobushushu okanye we-flux ukuze kubekho imeko efanelekileyo yokwakha.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokususa amaqamza
Ukujongwa kokusasazwa kwamaqamza kusetyenziswa i-X-ray okanye iindlela zokuthatha imifanekiso ukuze kuphuculwe umthamo we-fining agent kunye noxinzelelo lwe-furnace.
ⅤImiba Eqhelekileyo kunye namaqhinga okuphucula
| Iingxaki | Unobangela weengcambu | Isisombululo |
| Amatye eGlasi (Amasuntswana Anganyibilikiswanga) | Amasuntswana arhabaxa okanye ukuxubana okungachanekanga | Lungiselela ubungakanani bamasuntswana, phucula ukuxuba kwangaphambili |
| Amaqamza aseleyo | Iarhente yokucola engonelanga okanye ukutshintshatshintsha koxinzelelo | Yandisa umthamo we-fluoride, uzinzise uxinzelelo lwesithando |
| Ukukhukuliseka Okunamandla Okubangela Ukurhawuzelelwa | Ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye izinto ezingahambelaniyo | Sebenzisa izitena ezinezirconia eziphezulu, nciphisa ubushushu |
| Imivimbo kunye neziphene | Ukungalingani ngokwaneleyo | Yandisa ixesha lokudibanisa, yenza ngcono ukuxuba |
Isiphelo
Ukunyibilika kweglasi kubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto eziluhlaza, izixhobo, kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo. Kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo loyilo lwekhemikhali, ukulungiswa kobungakanani bezinto ezincinci, ukuphuculwa kwezinto ezichaseneyo, kunye nolawulo lweparamitha zenkqubo eguqukayo. Ngokulungisa iifluxes ngokwesayensi, ukuzinzisa imeko yokunyibilika (ubushushu/uxinzelelo/umoya), kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo zokucola, ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyibilika kunye nomgangatho weglasi kunokuphuculwa kakhulu, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zemveliso zincitshiswa.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-14-2025
