Izinto eziphambili zenkqubo ezichaphazela ukunyibilika kweglasi

Izinto eziphambili zenkqubo ezichaphazela ukunyibilika kweglasi zidlulela ngaphaya kwenqanaba lokunyibilika ngokwalo, njengoko ziphenjelelwa yimeko yangaphambili yokunyibilika njengomgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza, unyango lwe-cullet kunye nokulawula, iipropathi zepetroli, izixhobo ezinqanda isithando somlilo, uxinzelelo lwesithando somlilo, umoya, kunye nokukhethwa kwee-agent zokucoca. Ngezantsi lucazululo oluneenkcukacha lwale miba:

Ⅰ. Ulungiselelo lweMathiriyeli ekrwada kunye noLawulo loMgangatho

1. Ukubunjwa kweMichiza yeBatch

I-SiO₂ kunye ne-Refractory Compounds: Umxholo we-SiO₂, i-Al₂O₃, i-ZrO₂, kunye nezinye i-refractory compounds zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokunyibilika. Umxholo ophezulu unyusa ubushushu obunyibilikayo obufunekayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

IAlkali Metal oxides (umz., Na₂O, Li₂O): Yehlisa ubushushu obunyibilikayo. I-Li₂O, ngenxa yeradiyasi encinci ye-ionic kunye ne-electronegativity ephezulu, isebenza ngokukodwa kwaye inokuphucula iimpawu zeglasi.

2. Ibhetshi yoNyango lwangaphambili

Ulawulo lokufuma:

Ubumanzi obufanelekileyo (3% ~ 5%): Ukuphucula ukumanzisa kunye nokusabela, kunciphisa uthuli kunye nokwahlula;

Ukufuma Okugqithisileyo: Kubangela iimpazamo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuhlawuliswa.

Ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani beNcam:

Amacandelo amaninzi aMatye: Ukunciphisa indawo yokusabela, ukwandisa ixesha lokunyibilika;

Amasuntswana amahle kakhulu: Ikhokelela kwi-agglomeration kunye ne-electrostatic adsorption, ithintela ukunyibilika okufanayo.

3. Ulawulo lweCullet

I-Cullet kufuneka icoceke, ingabi nabumdaka, kwaye itshatise ubungakanani bamasuntswana ezinto ezitsha eziluhlaza ukunqanda ukwazisa amaqamza okanye iintsalela ezinganyibilikiyo.

Ⅱ. Uyilo lwesithando somlilokunye neePropati zeFuel

1. UKhetho lweMaterial eRefractory

Ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kobushushu obuphezulu: izitena eziphezulu ze-zirconium kunye nezitena ze-electrofused zirconium corundum (AZS) kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwindawo yodonga lwamachibi, i-furnace bottom kunye nezinye iindawo ezidibana nolwelo lweglasi, ukuze kuncitshiswe iziphene zamatye ezibangelwa ukukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali kunye nokukhuhla.

Uzinzo lwe-Thermal: Ukuxhathisa ukuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa kwaye ugweme ukuchithwa kwe-refractory ngenxa yokothuka kwe-thermal.

2. I-Fuel kunye ne-Combustion Efficiency

Ixabiso le-calorific yamafutha kunye nomoya wokutsha (i-oxidizing/ukunciphisa) kufuneka ihambelane nokwakheka kweglasi. Umzekelo:

Irhasi yendalo/i-oyile enzima: Ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-air-fuel ratio ukunqanda iintsalela zesulfide;

Ukunyibilika koMbane: Kufanelekile ukunyibilika okuchanekileyo (umzekelo,iglasi yamehlo) kodwa isebenzisa amandla amaninzi.

Ⅲ. Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa iParameter yokuSebenzisa

1. Ulawulo lobushushu

Ubushushu bokuNyibilika (1450 ~ 1500℃): Ukunyuka kweqondo lobushushu nge-1℃ kunokunyusa izinga lokunyibilika nge-1%, kodwa ukhukuliseko lwe-refractory luphinda kabini. Ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokusebenza kakuhle kunye nobude bezixhobo zokusebenza kuyimfuneko.

Ukusasazwa kobushushu: Ulawulo lwe-gradient kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesithando somlilo (ukunyibilika, ukucolwa, ukupholisa) kubalulekile ukuphepha ukufudumala kwendawo okanye iintsalela ezinganyibilikiyo.

2. Umkhathi kunye noxinzelelo

I-Atmosphere ene-Oxidizing: Ikhuthaza ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo kodwa inokuqinisa i-sulfide oxidation;

Ukunciphisa i-atmosphere: Icinezela umbala we-Fe³+ (kwiglasi engenambala) kodwa ifuna ukunqanda ukubekwa kwekhabhoni;

I-Furnace Pressure Stability: Uxinzelelo oluncinci oluncinci (+2 ~ 5 Pa) luthintela ukungena komoya obandayo kwaye luqinisekisa ukususwa kwe-bubble.

Ii-Agent ze-3.Fining kunye neeFluxes

IiFluorides (umz., CaF₂): Nciphisa i-viscosity enyibilikayo kwaye ukhawulezise ukususwa kwamaqamza;

I-Nitrates (umzekelo, i-NaNO₃): Khupha i-oksijini ukukhuthaza ukuchithwa kwe-oxidative;

I-Composite Fluxes**: umz., Li₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃, iqondo lobushushu lokunyibilika lisezantsi nge-synergistically.

Ⅳ. UkuJonga okuNgqongileyo kweNkqubo yokuNyibilika

1. Nyibilikisa iViscosity kunye neFluidity

Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela usebenzisa i-viscometers ejikelezayo ukulungelelanisa ubushushu okanye imilinganiselo ye-flux yeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokubumba.

2. Ukususwa kweBubble ngokuSebenzayo

Ukuqwalaselwa kokusasazwa kweqamza kusetyenziswa i-X-reyi okanye ubuchule bokucinga ukunyusa idosi ye-ejenti yokucolwa kunye noxinzelelo lwesithando somlilo.

Ⅴ. Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye neziCwangciso zokuPhucula

Ukuqukumbela

Ukunyibilika kweglasi kusisiphumo sentsebenziswano phakathi kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo. Ifuna ukulawulwa ngokucokisekileyo koyilo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali, ukulungiswa kobungakanani besuntswana, ukuphuculwa kwezinto ezichasayo, kunye nolawulo lwepharamitha yenkqubo eguqukayo. Ngokuhlengahlengisa ngokwesayensi ii-fluxes, ukuzinzisa indawo yokunyibilika (iqondo lobushushu/uxinzelelo/umoya), kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo zokucoca, ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyibilika kunye nomgangatho weglasi kunokuphuculwa kakhulu, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokuvelisa ziyancitshiswa.