IWorld Health Organization iqikelela ukuba bangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-785 abantu abangenawo amanzi okusela acocekileyo.Nangona i-71% yomhlaba igutyungelwe ngamanzi olwandle, asinakusela amanzi.
Izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke bezisebenza nzima ukufumana indlela esebenzayo yokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle ngexabiso eliphantsi.Ngoku, iqela lezazinzulu zaseMzantsi Korea linokuba lifumene indlela yokucoca amanzi olwandle kwimizuzu nje embalwa.
Amanzi amatsha afunekayo kwimisebenzi yabantu abalela kuphela i-2.5% yetotali yobutyebi bamanzi akhoyo emhlabeni.Ukutshintsha kweemeko zemozulu kukhokelele ekutshintsheni kwemvula kunye nokoma kwemilambo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amazwe avakalise ukunqongophala kwamanzi okokuqala kwimbali yawo.Akumangalisi ukuba ukukhupha ityuwa kuyeyona ndlela ilula yokusombulula le ngxaki.Kodwa ezi nkqubo zinemida yazo.
Xa usebenzisa i-membrane ukucoca amanzi olwandle, i-membrane kufuneka igcinwe yomile ixesha elide.Ukuba i-membrane iba manzi, inkqubo yokucoca iya kungasebenzi kwaye ivumele ityuwa eninzi ukuba idlule kwi-membrane.Ukusebenza kwexesha elide, ukumanzisa ngokuthe ngcembe kwe-membrane kudla ngokubonwa, okungasombululwa ngokutshintsha i-membrane.
Xa usebenzisa i-membrane ukucoca amanzi olwandle, i-membrane kufuneka igcinwe yomile ixesha elide.Ukuba i-membrane iba manzi, inkqubo yokucoca iya kungasebenzi kwaye ivumele ityuwa eninzi ukuba idlule kwi-membrane.Ukusebenza kwexesha elide, ukumanzisa ngokuthe ngcembe kwe-membrane kudla ngokubonwa, okungasombululwa ngokutshintsha i-membrane.
I-hydrophobicity ye-membrane iluncedo kuba ukuyila kwayo akuvumeli ukuba iimolekyuli zamanzi zidlule.
Endaweni yoko, umahluko weqondo lobushushu usetyenziswa kumacala amabini efilim ukukhupha amanzi ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kumphunga wamanzi.Le inwebu ivumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule uze ujike uye kwicala elipholileyo.Ibizwa ngokuba yi-membrane distillation, le yindlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-membrane desalination.Ekubeni iinqununu zetyuwa aziguqulelwanga kwi-gaseous state, zishiywe kwelinye icala le-membrane, zibonelela ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo kwelinye icala.
Abaphandi baseMzantsi Korea baphinde basebenzisa i-silica airgel kwinkqubo yabo yokwenziwa kwe-membrane, eqhubela phambili ukuqhubela phambili ukuhamba komphunga wamanzi kwi-membrane, okukhokelela ekufikeleleni ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi akhutshwe ityuwa.Iqela livavanye iteknoloji yabo kwiintsuku ze-30 ezilandelelanayo kwaye yafumanisa ukuba i-membrane ingakwazi ukucoca ngokuqhubekayo i-99.9% yetyuwa.
Endaweni yoko, umahluko weqondo lobushushu usetyenziswa kumacala amabini efilim ukukhupha amanzi ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kumphunga wamanzi.Le inwebu ivumela umphunga wamanzi ukuba udlule uze ujike uye kwicala elipholileyo.Ibizwa ngokuba yi-membrane distillation, le yindlela esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-membrane desalination.Ekubeni iinqununu zetyuwa aziguqulelwanga kwi-gaseous state, zishiywe kwelinye icala le-membrane, zibonelela ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo kwelinye icala.
Abaphandi baseMzantsi Korea baphinde basebenzisa i-silica airgel kwinkqubo yabo yokwenziwa kwe-membrane, eqhubela phambili ukuqhubela phambili ukuhamba komphunga wamanzi kwi-membrane, okukhokelela ekufikeleleni ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi akhutshwe ityuwa.Iqela livavanye iteknoloji yabo kwiintsuku ze-30 ezilandelelanayo kwaye yafumanisa ukuba i-membrane ingakwazi ukucoca ngokuqhubekayo i-99.9% yetyuwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-09-2021