Ngokwemilo nobude, ifayibha yeglasi inokwahlulwa ibe yifayibha eqhubekayo, ifayibha enobude obumiselweyo kunye noboya beglasi; ngokwendlela eyenziwe ngayo iglasi, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-alkali-free, ukumelana neekhemikhali, i-alkali ephakathi, amandla aphezulu, i-high elastic modulus kunye nokumelana ne-alkali (ukumelana ne-alkali) fiberglass, njl.
Izinto eziphambili zokwenza ifayibha yeglasi zezi: isanti ye-quartz, i-alumina kunye ne-pyrophyllite, ilitye lekalika, i-dolomite, i-boric acid, i-soda ash, i-mirabilite, i-fluorite, njl. Iindlela zokwenza zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye kukwenza iglasi enyibilikisiweyo ibe yifayibha; enye kukwenza iglasi enyibilikisiweyo ibe yiibhola zeglasi okanye iintonga ezinobubanzi obuyi-20 mm, uze emva koko ufudumale kwaye unyibilikise ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukwenza iibhola zeglasi okanye iintonga ezinobubanzi obuyi-3 ukuya kwi-3 mm. Iifayibha ezincinci kakhulu ezingama-80 μm. Iifayibha ezinde ngokungenammiselo ezitsalwa yindlela yokuzoba ngoomatshini yeeplatinum alloy plates zibizwa ngokuba ziifayibha zeglasi eziqhubekayo, ezaziwa ngokuba ziifayibha ezinde. Iifayibha ezingapheliyo ezenziwe ziirola okanye ukuhamba komoya, ezibizwa ngokuba ziifayibha zeglasi ezizinzileyo, ezaziwa ngokuba ziifayibha ezimfutshane.
Iifayibha zeglasi zahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokwendlela ezibunjwe ngayo, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ngokwemigaqo yenqanaba eliqhelekileyo, ifayibha yeglasi ye-E isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zokukhusela umbane; i-S-grade yifayibha ekhethekileyo.
Iglasi esetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwefiberglass yahlukile kwiglasi esetyenziswa kwezinye iimveliso zeglasi. Ngokubanzi, izinto zeglasi ezenziwe kwiifayibha ezithengiswayo zezi zilandelayo:
I-fiberglass enamandla aphezulu kunye ne-modulus ephezulu
Iphawulwa ngamandla aphezulu kunye ne-modulus ephezulu. Amandla ayo okutsalwa kwefayibha enye yi-2800MPa, engaphezulu nge-25% kunefayibha yeglasi engena-alkali, kwaye i-modulus yayo elastiki yi-86000MPa, ephezulu kunefayibha ye-E-glass. Iimveliso ze-FRP ezenziwe ngazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lwezomkhosi, kwi-aerospace, kwiindlela zikaloliwe ezikhawulezayo, kumandla omoya, kwizixhobo zokuzikhusela kwiimbumbulu nakwizixhobo zemidlalo.
I-AR fiberglass
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-fiber yeglasi enganyangekiyo yi-alkali-resistant, i-fiber yeglasi enganyangekiyo yi-artificial ye-glass fiber (cement) concrete (ebizwa ngokuba yi-GRC), i-fiber ye-inorganic esemgangathweni ophezulu, kwaye iyindawo efanelekileyo yentsimbi kunye ne-asbestos kwiindawo zesamente ezingathwali mthwalo. Iimpawu ze-fiber yeglasi enganyangekiyo yi-alkali-resistant elungileyo, inokumelana ngempumelelo nokukhukuliseka kwezinto eziphezulu ze-alkali kwisamente, amandla aqinileyo okubamba, i-modulus ephezulu ye-elastic, ukumelana nempembelelo, amandla okutsalwa kunye nokugoba, ukungatshi, ukumelana neqabaka, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla okutshintsha ukufuma okunamandla, ukumelana nokuqhekeka okugqwesileyo kunye nokungangeni, uyilo oluqinileyo, ukubumba okulula, njl. njl., i-fiber yeglasi enganyangekiyo yi-alkali-resistant luhlobo olutsha lokuqinisa okuluhlaza nokusingqongileyo olusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-concrete eqinisiweyo (cement) Material esebenza kakhulu.
Iglasi ye-D
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi ye-dielectric ephantsi, isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imicu yeglasi ye-dielectric ephantsi enamandla amahle e-dielectric.
Ukongeza kwezi zinto zingasentla zefayibha yeglasi, ifayibha entsha yeglasi engena-alkali ngoku iyafumaneka, engenayo i-boron ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kodwa iipropati zayo zokuthintela ubushushu bombane kunye neepropati zoomatshini zifana neglasi yendabuko ye-E. Ukongeza, kukho ifayibha yeglasi eneeglasi ezimbini, esetyenzisiweyo ekuveliseni uboya beglasi, kwaye kuthiwa ikwanamandla okuqinisa i-fiberglass. Ukongeza, kukho ifayibha yeglasi engena-fluorine, eyifayibha yeglasi engena-alkali ephuculweyo eyenzelwe iimfuno zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Ukongeza kwezi zinto zingasentla zefayibha yeglasi, ifayibha entsha yeglasi engena-alkali ngoku iyafumaneka, engenayo i-boron ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kodwa iipropati zayo zokuthintela ubushushu bombane kunye neepropati zoomatshini zifana neglasi yendabuko ye-E. Ukongeza, kukho ifayibha yeglasi eneeglasi ezimbini, esetyenzisiweyo ekuveliseni uboya beglasi, kwaye kuthiwa ikwanamandla okuqinisa i-fiberglass. Ukongeza, kukho ifayibha yeglasi engena-fluorine, eyifayibha yeglasi engena-alkali ephuculweyo eyenzelwe iimfuno zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Ungahlulahlula i-fiberglass kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nobungakanani bazo.
Nazi iintlobo ezisi-7 ezahlukeneyo zefiberglass kunye nezicelo zazo kwiimveliso zemihla ngemihla:
Iglasi ye-alkali (iglasi ye-A)
Iglasi yesoda okanye iglasi yelayisi yesoda. Luhlobo lwefiberglass olusetyenziswa kakhulu. Iglasi yealkali ithatha malunga ne-90% yazo zonke iiglasi ezenziweyo. Lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo kwaye lusetyenziselwa ukwenza izikhongozeli zeglasi, ezifana neetini kunye neebhotile zokutya neziselo, kunye neglasi yefestile.
Izitya zokubhaka ezenziwe ngeglasi yelayisi yesoda ethambileyo nazo zingumzekelo ogqibeleleyo weglasi ye-A. Ifikeleleka lula, inokwenzeka kakhulu, kwaye iqinile. Imicu yeglasi yohlobo lwe-A inokunyibilikiswa kwakhona kwaye ithambe kwakhona amaxesha amaninzi kwaye zezona ntlobo zefayibha zeglasi ezifanelekileyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwiglasi.
Iglasi ye-AE okanye iglasi ye-AR engamelani ne-alkali
Iglasi ye-AE okanye ye-AR imele iglasi enganyangekiyo kwi-alkali, esetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwikhonkrithi. Yinto edityanisiweyo eyenziwe yi-zirconia.
Ukongezwa kwe-zirconia, iminerali eqinileyo nemelana nobushushu, kwenza le fiberglass ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi. Iglasi ye-AR ithintela ukuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi ngokubonelela ngamandla kunye nokuguquguquka. Kwakhona, ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi, ayigqwali lula.
Iglasi yekhemikhali
Iglasi ye-C okanye iglasi yekhemikhali isetyenziswa njengethishu engaphezulu yomaleko wangaphandle we-laminates kwiipayipi kunye nezikhongozeli zokugcina amanzi kunye neekhemikhali. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulu lwe-calcium borosilicate esetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokwenza iglasi, ibonisa ukumelana okuphezulu kweekhemikhali kwiindawo ezirhabaxa.
I-C-glass igcina ibhalansi yeekhemikhali kunye nolwakhiwo kuyo nayiphi na indawo kwaye iyamelana neekhemikhali ze-alkaline.
Iglasi yeDielectric
Iifayibha zeglasi ye-dielectric (D-glass) zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo, kwiimbiza zokupheka, nakwezinye izinto ezifana nezo. Ikwaluhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-fiberglass ngenxa yokuba i-dielectric constant yayo iphantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-boron trioxide ikwimo yayo.
Iglasi ye-elektroniki
Ilaphu le-E-glass okanye i-E-fiberglass liyimigangatho yeshishini enika ulungelelwano phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko. Liyimpahla edityanisiweyo elula esetyenziswa kwiindawo zeenqwelo moya, zaselwandle nakwiindawo zoshishino. Iimpawu ze-E-glass njengefayibha yokuqinisa zenze ukuba ibe yeyona ithandwayo kwiimveliso zorhwebo ezifana neeplanter, ii-surfboards, kunye neenqanawa.
Iglasi ye-E kwimicu yoboya beglasi ingenziwa ngayo nayiphi na imilo okanye ubungakanani kusetyenziswa indlela elula kakhulu yokuvelisa. Ngaphambi kokuveliswa, iimpawu ze-E-glass fiber zenza ukuba icoceke kwaye ikhuseleke ukusebenza ngayo.
Iglasi yesakhiwo
Iglasi yolwakhiwo (iglasi ye-S) yaziwa ngeempawu zayo zoomatshini. Amagama orhwebo athi R-glass, S-glass kunye ne-T-glass onke abhekisa kuhlobo olufanayo lwefiberglass. Xa ithelekiswa ne-E-glass fiber, inamandla aphezulu okutsalwa kunye ne-modulus. Le fiberglass yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kumashishini okhuselo kunye neenqwelo moya.
Ikwasetyenziswa nakwizixhobo zokuzikhusela eziqinileyo. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lwefayibha yeglasi lusebenza kakuhle, lusetyenziswa kuphela kumashishini athile anemveliso encinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba iglasi ye-S inokubiza kakhulu.
I-Advantex fiberglass
Olu hlobo lwe-fiberglass lusetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini eoyile, igesi kunye nemigodi, kunye nakwizityalo zamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwandle (iinkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye namanzi amdaka). Ludibanisa iimpawu zoomatshini kunye nezombane ze-E-glass kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-asidi kweefayibha zeglasi zohlobo lwe-E, C, R. Lusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho izakhiwo zisengozini yokugqwala.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-11-2022
