Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zisetyenzisiwe kwezorhwebo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lentengiso, basetyenziswa kuphela kwizicelo eziphezulu ezinjenge-aerospace kunye nokhuseleko. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili, izinto ezihlanganisiweyo ziqala ukwenziwa kwezorhwebo kumashishini ahlukeneyo anjengeempahla zezemidlalo, inqwelo moya, inqwelo moya, ubunjineli nolwakhiwo nolwakhiwo nolwakhiwo nolwakhiwo loluntu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iindleko zezinto ezihlanganisiweyo (zombini izinto eziluhlaza kunye nemveliso) ziye zangena kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo, zibavumela ukuba zisetyenziswe kwinqanaba elininzi lamashishini.
Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zingumxube wefibre kunye ne-resin ngezinto kwinxalenye ethile. Ngelixa i-curn matrix ichaza ubume bokugqibela bokuyinxalenye, i-fibers isebenza njengezomeleza ukomeleza icandelo eliyinxalenye. Umyinge we-wiber kwi-fiber iyahluka ngokwamandla kunye nokuqina kwenxalenye efunwa yiTier 1 okanye i-OMBINE YENKQUBO YOKUGQIBELA (OEM).
Ulwakhiwo oluphambili lomthwalo lufuna inani eliphezulu leefibles xa kuthelekiswa ne-Ressin Matrix, ngelixa isakhiwo sesibini sifuna ikota yeentsinga kwi-matrix ye-resin. Oku kusebenza kumashishini amaninzi, umyinge we-resin kwi-fiber ixhomekeke kwindlela yokwenza.
Umzi-mveliso waseMarine Yacht ube ngamandla aphambili ekusetyenzisweni kwehlabathi, kubandakanya nezinto ezihamba nge-foam. Nangona kunjalo, ikwaye wafumana idon-ntweni, ngokokuhlwayela inqanawa yokuqhubela phambili kwaye i-inventri ikhwela. Olu kuncitshiswa lwemfuno lunokubangelwa kukhuseleko lwabathengi, ukuncitshiswa kwamandla okuthenga, kunye nokwabiwa kwezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo kwimisebenzi enzuzo ngakumbi neliphambili. Iinqanawa zenqanawa zikwakufumana iimveliso zabo kunye nezicwangciso zeshishini ukunciphisa ilahleko. Ngeli xesha, uninzi lweenqanawa ezincinci zanyanzelwa ukuba zirhoxiswe okanye zifumaneke ngenxa yelahleko yokusebenza, ukungakwazi ukugcina ishishini eliqhelekileyo. Ukwenza i-yachts ezinkulu (> iinyawo ezingama-35) zathatha i-hit, ngelixa izikhephe ezincinci (<iinyawo ezingama-24) ziye zaza kugxilwe kwimveliso.
Kutheni le nto izinto ezenzayo?
Izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zinika izibonelelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kwentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto zesiko, ezinjengeenkuni, kulwakhiwo lwesikhephe. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinyithi ezinje ngentsimbi okanye i-aluminium, izixhobo zokuziphatha zinokunciphisa ubunzima benxalenye engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 pesenti. Ukuncitshiswa ngokubanzi kuzisa i-itany yezibonelelo zesekondari, ezinje ngeendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza, ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegesi eluhlaza kunye nokusebenza okukhulu kwe-ofwe. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiweyo kukwenza ubunzima ngakumbi ngokuphelisa izinto ezinqamlezileyo ngokudityaniswa kwecandelo.
I-Poposite ikwanikezela ngenqanawa eyakhiwe inqanawa enkulu yoyilo, yenze ukuba ibenako ukwenza iinxalenye ezinemilo ezintsonkothileyo. Ukongeza, izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zinendleko eziphantsi zobomi ukuba umntu athelekisa nezinto ezikhuphisanayo ngenxa yeendleko zawo ezisezantsi zolondolozo kunye nokufakelwa kwabo ngenxa yokunganyangekala kwabo kunye nokuqina kwabo nakwindlela yokuqina kwabo kunye nokuqina kwayo. Akumangalisi ukuba amaqela emibuzo afumana ukwamkelwa phakathi kwesifo somkhombe kunye netier 1 yabathengisi.
Inxalenye ye-Marine
Ngaphandle kweentsilelo zezixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo, iinqanawa ezininzi zenqanawa kunye neTier 1 zabathengisi zisaqinisekile ukuba izinto ezihlanganisiweyo ziya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo zaselwandle.
Ngelixa izikhephe ezinkulu kulindeleke ukuba zisebenzise izinto eziphezulu ze-Adbon Adsbon Fiber kwi-Plaston (CFRP), izixhobo ezincinci ze-carbon kunye ne-carbon fiber, i-polyborthane ye-carbon, isetyenziselwa ukwenza iinqaba, iikedi, iidesika, Iirigs, ii-bulkheads, ii-bulk kunye neeMasters, kodwa ezi zi-suporyting okanye amaKatarans ezenza inxenye encinci yemfuno yenqanawa iyonke.
Ngaphandle kweentsilelo zezixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo, iinqanawa ezininzi zenqanawa kunye neTier 1 zabathengisi zisaqinisekile ukuba izinto ezihlanganisiweyo ziya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo zaselwandle.
Ngelixa izikhephe ezinkulu kulindeleke ukuba zisebenzise izinto eziphezulu ze-Adbon Adsbon Fiber kwi-Plaston (CFRP), izixhobo ezincinci ze-carbon kunye ne-carbon fiber, i-polyborthane ye-carbon, isetyenziselwa ukwenza iinqaba, iikedi, iidesika, Iirigs, ii-bulkheads, ii-bulk kunye neeMasters, kodwa ezi zi-suporyting okanye amaKatarans ezenza inxenye encinci yemfuno yenqanawa iyonke.
Ibango liphela lezikhephe libandakanya iinqanawa zemoto (i-Inboard, iBhodi eNgeyo), ii-jet haat, amanzi abucala kunye nesandi (i-Yachts).
Amaxabiso amachaphaza aya kuba kwimeko ephezulu ye-fibers, njengamaxabiso eentsinga zeglasi, i-thermosets kunye ne-thermoplastic inyuka ngamaxabiso e-oyile avuthayo kunye nezinye iindleko zokufaka. Nangona kunjalo, amaxabiso e-carbon fiber kulindeleke ukuba ahlasele kwikamva elikufuphi ngenxa yesakhono sokwanda kwemveliso kunye nophuhliso lwamalungu amanqanda. Kodwa impembelelo yayo iyonke kwixabiso le-marine lokudibanisa amaxabiso ayiyi kuba likhulu, njenge-carbon fiber-eqinile i-akhawunti ye-plassicics ye-plassics kwinxalenye encinci yecandelo elincinci lezinto ezifunwa ngulwandle.
Kwelinye icala, iintsinga zeglasi zisezona zinto ziphambili ze-fiber zezinto zaselwandle, kwaye ii-polyters ezingacocekanga kunye ne-vinyl ze-vinyl zezona zixhobo ziphambili zePolymer. I-Polyvinyl chloride (i-PVC) iya kuqhubeka nokubamba isabelo esikhulu sentengiso ye-foam core.
Ngokweenkcukacha-mali, i-fiber ye-fiber yefibre ye-firvite yophando (i-GFRP) ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemfuno epheleleyo yezixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo zaselwandle, ngelixa i-akhawunti ye-fore ye-goam ye-15%. Zonke ezinye ze-carbon fiber eqinisa iplasitics, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizikhephe ezinkulu nezinzima zefuthe kwimarike.
Imarike yentengiso yaselwandle ekhulayo ikwanikela ingqalelo kwimbonakalo yezinto ezintsha kunye neetekhnoloji. Abathengisi be-Marine Cosposers baqalise ukufuna ukufumana i-Innovation, ukwazisa i-bibers entsha, iintsinga zendalo, i-polyers yendalo, i-Polysters yendalo, i-Presness ephantsi, i-Pres kunye nezixhobo ze-fiberglass. Konke kukonyusa ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nokuvuselelwa, ukunciphisa umxholo onesitayile, kunye nokuphucula ukungqubela kunye nomgangatho womhlaba.
Ixesha lokuposa: I-Meyin5 ukuya ku-522
