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Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenantokunye nezinto zazo ezidityanisiweyo

Izixhobo zokufunxa eziqinileyo neziqinileyo zokusetyenziswa kolwandle olujulileyo zihlala zenziwe zizixhobo ezilawula ukufunxa (ii-microspheres ezingenanto) kunye nee-resin composites ezinamandla aphezulu. Ngamazwe ngamazwe, ezi zinto zifikelela kubuninzi be-0.4–0.6 g/cm³ kunye namandla okucinezela angama-40–100 MPa, kwaye zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zolwandle olujulileyo. Ii-microspheres ezingenanto zizixhobo ezikhethekileyo zesakhiwo ezizaliswe yigesi. Ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo lwazo lwezinto, zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe zii-microspheres ze-organic composite kunye nee-microspheres ze-inorganic composite. Uphando malunga nee-microspheres ze-organic composite lusebenza ngakumbi, kunye neengxelo eziquka ii-microspheres ze-polystyrene ezingenanto kunye nee-microspheres ze-polymethyl methacrylate ezingenanto. Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ii-microspheres ze-inorganic ziquka iglasi, ii-ceramics, ii-borates, ikhabhoni, kunye nee-cenospheres ze-fly ash.

IiMicrospheres zeGlasi ezingenanto: Inkcazo kunye noHlelo

Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezingabonakaliyo ze-micropowder ezingqukuva ezineempawu ezintle ezifana nobukhulu obuncinci beesuntswana, imo engqukuva, ubunzima obulula, ubushushu besandi, ubushushu bokugquma, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zeenqwelo-moya, izixhobo zokugcina i-hydrogen, izixhobo eziqinileyo zokubhabha, izixhobo zokufudumala, izixhobo zokwakha, kunye neepeyinti kunye neengubo. Ngokubanzi zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini:

① Ii-cenospheres, eziquka i-SiO2 kunye ne-metal oxides, zinokufunyanwa kwi-fly ash eveliswa ngexesha lokuveliswa kombane kwizityalo zamandla ezishushu. Nangona ii-cenospheres zingabizi kakhulu, azinabunyulu, zisasazeke ngobukhulu bee-particles, kwaye ngokukodwa, uxinano lwee-particles luhlala lungaphezulu kwe-0.6 g/cm3, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zingafaneleki ukulungiselela izinto zokubhabha kwiindlela zokusetyenziswa kolwandle olunzulu.

② Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezenziwe ngokwenziwa, ezinamandla, uxinano, kunye nezinye iipropati ze-physicochemical ezinokulawulwa ngokulungelelanisa iiparameter zenkqubo kunye neefomyula zezinto eziluhlaza. Nangona zibiza kakhulu, zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Iimpawu zeeMicrospheres zeGlasi ezingenanto

Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwee-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto kwizinto eziqinileyo zokudada akunakuhlukaniswa neempawu zazo ezibalaseleyo.

①Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenantozinesakhiwo sangaphakathi esingenanto, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima obulula, uxinano oluphantsi, kunye nokuqhuba kobushushu obuphantsi. Oku akunciphisi kakhulu uxinano lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo kodwa kukwanika nobushushu obuhle kakhulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye neempawu zokukhanya.

② Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto zimile okwesangqa, zinezibonelelo ze-porosity ephantsi (i-filler efanelekileyo) kunye nokufunxwa okuncinci kwe-polymer yi-spheres, ngaloo ndlela azinampembelelo ingako ekuhambeni kwe-matrix kunye ne-viscosity. Ezi mpawu zikhokelela ekusasazweni okufanelekileyo koxinzelelo kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ubulukhuni bazo, ukuqina kwazo, kunye nokuzinza kwazo ngokwemilinganiselo.

③ Ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto zinamandla aphezulu. Ngokuyintloko, ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto ziingqengqelo ezincinci, ezivaliweyo, ezineglasi njengeyona nto iphambili kwiqokobhe, ezibonisa amandla aphezulu. Oku kwandisa amandla ezinto ezidityanisiweyo ngelixa kugcinwa uxinano oluphantsi.

Iindlela Zokulungiselela IiMicrospheres Zeglasi Ezingenanto
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokulungiselela:
① Indlela yomgubo. I-matrix yeglasi iqala ityunyuzwe, kongezwe i-ejenti ekhupha amagwebu, emva koko la masuntswana mancinci adlula kwisithando sobushushu obuphezulu. Xa la masuntswana ethambisa okanye enyibilika, igesi iveliswa ngaphakathi kwiglasi. Njengoko igesi isanda, la masuntswana aba ziingceba ezingenanto, ezithi emva koko ziqokelelwe kusetyenziswa i-cyclone separator okanye i-bag filter.

② Indlela yokucofa. Kwiqondo lobushushu elithile, isisombululo esiqulethe into enyibilikayo kancinci siyomiswa nge-spray okanye sifudunyezwe kwi-oven ethe nkqo enobushushu obuphezulu, njengakwilungiselelo lee-microspheres ezine-alkaline eninzi.

③ Indlela yejeli eyomileyo. Le ndlela isebenzisa ii-alkoxides zendalo njengezinto eziluhlaza kwaye ibandakanya iinkqubo ezintathu: ukulungiselela ijeli eyomileyo, ukuyicola, kunye nokufutha amagwebu kubushushu obuphezulu. Zonke ezi ndlela zintathu zineengxaki ezithile: indlela yepowder ivelisa amazinga aphantsi okwakheka kweentsimbi, indlela yedroplet ivelisa ii-microspheres ezinamandla aphantsi, kwaye indlela yejeli eyomileyo ineendleko eziphezulu zezinto eziluhlaza.

I-Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite Material Substrate kunye ne-Composite Method

Ukwenza izinto eziqinileyo neziqinileyo ezithambileyoii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto, izinto ze-matrix kufuneka zibe neempawu ezintle kakhulu, ezinje ngoxinano oluphantsi, amandla aphezulu, i-viscosity ephantsi, kunye nokuthambisa okuhle kwii-microspheres. Izinto ze-matrix ezisetyenziswayo ngoku ziquka i-epoxy resin, i-polyester resin, i-phenolic resin, kunye ne-silicone resin. Phakathi kwezi, i-epoxy resin yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yokwenyani ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, uxinano oluphantsi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi okuphantsi, kunye nokuncitshiswa okuphantsi kokupholisa. Ii-microspheres zeglasi zinokudityaniswa ngezinto ze-matrix ngeenkqubo zokubumba ezifana nokusika, ukufunxwa kwe-vacuum, ukubumba ulwelo, ukubumba i-particle, kunye nokubumba ucinezelo. Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba ukuze kuphuculwe imeko yokunxibelelana phakathi kwee-microspheres kunye ne-matrix, umphezulu wee-microspheres nawo kufuneka uguqulwe, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwezinto ezidibeneyo.