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Iglasi ye-E (i-fiberglass engena-alkali)imveliso kwitanki eziko yinkqubo entsonkothileyo, yobushushu obuphezulu bokunyibilika. Iprofayili yobushushu obunyibilikayo yindawo ebalulekileyo yokulawula inkqubo, echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho weglasi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyibilika, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ubomi beziko, kunye nokusebenza kokugqibela kwefayibha. Le nkcazo yeqondo lokushisa iphunyezwa ngokuyinhloko ngokulungelelanisa iimpawu zomlilo kunye nokunyuswa kombane.

I. Ubushushu obunyibilikayo be-E-Glass

1. Uluhlu lobushushu obunyibilikayo:

Ukunyibilika okupheleleyo, ukucaciswa, kunye ne-homogenization ye-E-glass kufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu. Indawo eqhelekileyo yokunyibilika (indawo eshushu) iqondo lobushushu lisuka kwi-1500°C ukuya kwi-1600°C.

Ubushushu ekujoliswe kuko buxhomekeke:

* Ukubunjwa kweBatch: Imixube ethile (umzekelo, ubukho befluorine, umxholo ophezulu/ophantsi weboron, ubukho be-titanium) kuchaphazela iimpawu zokunyibilika.

* Uyilo lwesithando somlilo: Uhlobo lwesithando somlilo, ubungakanani, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugquma, kunye nolungiselelo lwesitshisi.

* Iinjongo zeMveliso: Izinga lokunyibilika elinqwenelekayo kunye neemfuno zomgangatho weglasi.

* Izixhobo eziRefractory: Izinga lokubola kwezinto eziphikisayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu linciphisa ubushushu obuphezulu.

Ubushushu bommandla wokucolwa budla ngokuba sezantsi kancinci kunobushushu bendawo eshushu (malunga ne-20-50°C ezantsi) ukuququzelela ukususwa kweqamza kunye neglasi yehomogenization.

Isiphelo sokusebenza (i-forehearth) iqondo lokushisa liphantsi kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1200 ° C - 1350 ° C), ukuzisa iglasi inyibilika kwi-viscosity efanelekileyo kunye nokuzinza komzobo.

2. Ukubaluleka koLawulo loBuqondo:

* Ubuchule bokunyibilikisa: Ubushushu obuphezulu ngokwaneleyo bubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusabela okupheleleyo kwemathiriyeli yebhetshi (isanti ye-quartz, i-pyrophyllite, i-boric acid/i-colemanite, i-limestone, njl.), ukunyibilika ngokupheleleyo kweenkozo zesanti, kunye nokukhutshwa kwerhasi ngokucokisekileyo. Ukushisa okunganeleyo kunokukhokelela kwi-residu "yezinto eziluhlaza" (iincinci ze-quartz ezinganyibilikiyo), amatye, kunye nokunyuka kwamaqamu.

* Umgangatho weglasi: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu akhuthaza ukucaciswa kunye ne-homogenization yeglasi enyibilikayo, ukunciphisa iziphene ezinjengeentambo, amaqamu kunye namatye. Ezi ziphene zichaphazela kakhulu amandla efayibha, izinga lokwaphuka, kunye nokuqhubeka.

* Viscosity: Ubushushu buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-viscosity yeglasi enyibilikayo. Umzobo weFayibha ufuna ukuba iglasi inyibilike ibe ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile lwe-viscosity.

* I-Refractory Material Corrosion: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokugqithisileyo akhawulezisa ukudleka kwezinto ezikwaziyo ukuxhathisa eziko (ingakumbi izitena ze-AZS ezifakwe nge-electrofused), ukwenza bufutshane ubomi beziko kunye nokubanakho ukwazisa amatye aqhankqalazayo.

* Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla: Ukugcina amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngowona mthombo wosetyenziso lwamandla kwiziko letanki (ngokuqhelekileyo kubalwa ngaphezu kwe-60% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla emveliso iyonke). Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu ukunqanda ubushushu obugqithisileyo ngundoqo ekongeni amandla.

II. Flame Regulation

Ukulawulwa kweFlame yindlela ephambili yokulawula ukusabalalisa ukushisa okunyibilikayo, ukufezekisa ukunyibilika okusebenzayo, kunye nokukhusela isakhiwo somlilo (ngokukodwa isithsaba). Injongo yayo ephambili kukudala indawo efanelekileyo yokushisa kunye nomoya.

1. IiParameters zoMgaqo ongundoqo:

* I-Fuel-to-Air Ratio (i-Stoichiometric Ratio) / i-Oxygen-to-Fuel Ratio (kwiinkqubo ze-oxy-fuel):

* Injongo: Ukufezekisa ukutshiswa ngokupheleleyo. Ukutsha okungaphelelanga kumosha isibaso, kwehlisa ubushushu bomlilo, kuvelisa umsi omnyama (umsizi) ongcolisa iglasi enyibilikayo, kwaye uvale izinto ezihlaziyayo/ubushushu. Umoya ogqithisileyo uthwala ubushushu obubalulekileyo, unciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal, kwaye unokomeleza ukubola kwe-oxidation yesithsaba.

* Ukulungelelaniswa: Lawula ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo womoya ukuya ku-fuel ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo lwegesi ye-flue (O₂, umxholo we-CO).Iglasi ye-EIziko letanki zigcina umxholo we-flue gas O₂ malunga ne-1-3% (ukutsha koxinzelelo oluncinci).

* Impembelelo ye-Atmosphere: I-air-to-fuel ratio nayo ichaphazela umoya we-furnace (i-oxidizing okanye ukunciphisa), eneziphumo ezifihlakeleyo ekuziphatheni kwezinto ezithile zebhetshi (njengentsimbi) kunye nombala weglasi. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-E-glass (ifuna ukukhanya okungenambala), le mpembelelo incinci.

* Ubude bedangatye kunye neMilo:

* Injongo: Yenza idangatye eligquma umphezulu onyibilikayo, elinokuqina okuthile, kwaye likwazi nokusasazeka.

* Idangatye elide vs. Idangatye elifutshane:

* Idangatye elide: Igubungela indawo enkulu, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kuyafana, kwaye kubangela ukothuka kancinci kwisithsaba. Nangona kunjalo, iincopho zobushushu bendawo zisenokungabi phezulu ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ukungena kwibhetshi kwindawo “yokubhola” kusenokungonelanga.

* Idangatye elifutshane: Ukuqina okuqinileyo, ubushushu obuphezulu bendawo, ukungena okunamandla kumaleko ebhetshi, okunceda ukunyibilika ngokukhawuleza “kwezinto ezikrwada.” Nangona kunjalo, ukhuselo alulingani, lubangela ngokulula ukufudumeza kwendawo (iindawo ezishushu ngakumbi), kunye nomothuko obalulekileyo wobushushu kwisithsaba kunye nodonga lwamabele.

* Uhlengahlengiso: Iphunyezwe ngokuhlengahlengisa i-angle yesitshisi sompu, isantya sesibaso/sokuphuma komoya (isantya somoya), kunye nokuqina kwe-swirl. Izitofu zeetanki zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa izitshisi ezinokulungiswa kwamanqanaba amaninzi.

* Umkhombandlela wedangatye (i-engile):

* Injongo: Ukudlulisa ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo kwibhetshi kunye neglasi enyibilikayo, unqanda ukuzifaka ngokuthe ngqo idangatye kwisithsaba okanye kudonga lwebele.

* Uhlengahlengiso: Lungisa i-pitch (ethe nkqo) kunye ne-engile ye-yaw (ethe tye) yompu wesitshisi.

* I-Angle yePitch: Ichaphazela intsebenziswano yomlilo kunye nemfumba yebhetshi (“ukukhotha ibhetshi”) kunye nokugqunywa kwendawo enyibilikayo. I-engile ephantsi kakhulu (idangatye lisezantsi kakhulu) linokugutyula indawo enyibilikayo okanye inqwaba yebhetshi, nto leyo ebangela ukutyhutyha udonga lwebele. I-engile ephezulu kakhulu (idangatye liphezulu kakhulu) likhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphantsi kwe-thermal kunye nokufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwesithsaba.

* I-Angle ye-Yaw: Ichaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwedangatye kububanzi besithando somlilo kunye nendawo eshushu.

2. Iinjongo zoLawulo lweFlame:

* Yenza iNdawo eQinisayo eshushu: Yenza eyona ndawo iphezulu yobushushu (indawo eshushu) kwindawo engasemva yetanki yokunyibilika (ngokwesiqhelo emva kwendlu yezinja). Le yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yokucaciswa kweglasi kunye ne-homogenization, kwaye isebenza njenge "injini" elawula ukuhamba kweglasi enyibilikayo (ukusuka kwindawo eshushu ukuya kwitshaja yebhetshi kunye nesiphelo sokusebenza).

* Ubushushu obufanayo be-Melt Surface Heating: Kuphephe ukufudumeza kwendawo okanye ukupholisa ngaphantsi, ukunciphisa ukuhanjiswa okungalinganiyo kunye "neendawo ezifileyo" ezibangelwa ziqondo lobushushu.

* Khusela iSakhiwo seSithando somlilo: Thintela ukungena kwedangatye kwisithsaba kunye nodonga lwebele, uthintele ukufudumeza kwendawo okukhokelela ekudlekeni okukhawulezileyo kwerefractory.

* Ukuhanjiswa koBubushushu ngokuLungileyo: Ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obukhazimlayo kunye nokuhanjiswa kobushushu ukusuka kwidangatye ukuya kwibhetshi kunye neglasi enyibilikayo.

* INdawo yoBubushushu obuZinzileyo: Nciphisa ukuguquguquka ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weglasi ozinzile.

III. Ulawulo oluDityanisiweyo loBubushushu obunyibilikayo kunye noLawulo lweFlame

1. Iqondo lobushushu liyiNjongo, Idangatye yiNjongo: Ukulawulwa komlilo yeyona ndlela iphambili yokulawula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo, ngakumbi indawo eshushu kunye nobushushu.

2. Umlinganiselo wobushushu kunye neNgxelo: Ukujongwa ngokuqhubekayo kweqondo lokushisa kuqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa i-thermocouples, i-pyrometers ye-infrared, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibekwe kwiindawo eziphambili kwisithando somlilo (i-batch charger, indawo yokunyibilika, indawo eshushu, indawo yokucoca, i-forehearth). Le milinganiselo isebenza njengesiseko sohlengahlengiso lomlilo.

3. Iinkqubo zoLawulo oluzenzekelayo: Iziko leetanki zale mihla ezinkulu zisebenzisa ngokubanzi iinkqubo zeDCS/PLC. Ezi nkqubo zilawula ngokuzenzekelayo ilangatye kunye nobushushu ngokulungelelanisa iiparitha ezifana nokuhamba kwepetroli, ukuhamba komoya ovuthayo, i-angle yokutshisa / i-dampers, ngokusekelwe kwi-curves yokushisa kwangaphambili kunye nemilinganiselo yexesha langempela.

4. Ibhalansi yeNkqubo: Kubalulekile ukufumana ibhalansi efanelekileyo phakathi kokuqinisekisa umgangatho weglasi (ukunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu, ukucaciswa kakuhle kunye ne-homogenization) kunye nokukhusela isithando somlilo (ukuphepha amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, ukufakwa kwedangatye) ngelixa unciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.