iindaba

Kule mihla, njengoko uqoqosho lukhula kwaye indlela yethu yokuphila iphucuka, ukuya ejimini okanye ukuzilolonga kuye kwaba yindlela abantu abayisebenzisayo ukuze banciphise uxinzelelo baze bahlale besempilweni. Oko kuyayiqhubela phambili imboni yezixhobo zemidlalo. Ngoku, nokuba yimidlalo yobuchwephesha okanye ukuhlala nje usebenza, wonke umntu ufuna izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu—ezikhaphukhaphu kakhulu, eziqinileyo njengezikhonkwane, nezakhiwe ukuba zihlale ixesha elide. Kulapho ilaphu le-carbon fiber lingena khona. Likhaphukhaphu kodwa linamandla kakhulu, liqinile, kwaye aligugi lula. Akumangalisi ukuba libonakala kuzo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zemidlalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe ngcono kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa.

Ulwakhiwo lweFayibha yeCarbon kunye nesishwankathelo sezinto ezibonakalayo:Ilaphu lefayibha yekhabhoniyilaphu ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngemisonto ye-warp kunye neye-weft, kunye neefayibha zekhabhoni ezisebenza njengesixhobo sokuqinisa. Ukusebenza kwayo okuphambili kuvela kwiimpawu ezibalaseleyo zeefayibha zekhabhoni ngokwazo. Ifayibha yekhabhoni sisixhobo esisebenza kakuhle esinomxholo wekhabhoni odlula i-90%. Iveliswa ngokuguqula ii-filament bundles ze-organic fiber precursor filament zibe yi-carbon kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Iimpawu zayo zoomatshini zibalaseleyo: uxinano lungaphantsi kwekota yentsimbi, kwaye amandla okutsalwa adlula i-3500 megapascals. Ukongeza, inokumelana okuhle kobushushu, ukumelana nokugqwala, iimpawu zokulwa nokudinwa, i-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kobushushu, kunye nokuqhuba kakuhle kombane/ubushushu. Xa kuthelekiswa neefayibha ze-aramid kunye neefayibha zeglasi, ifayibha yekhabhoni igcina ukuqhubekeka okuhle ngelixa ibonisa i-anisotropy ebalulekileyo.

Iingenelo zokusetyenziswa kweIlaphu leCarbon Fibre

1. Iirakhethi zetenisi kunye neebhola zetenisi zaqala ukubonakala eBirmingham, eNgilane ngenkulungwane ye-19. Phakathi kwenkulungwane yama-20, zazisele ziphuhlisiwe kakhulu kwaye zaba ngumdlalo wehlabathi. Ngokuthandwa nokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwetenisi, ukwenziwa lula kweerakhethi zetenisi kwaba yinto ebaluleke ngakumbi. Ngeminyaka yoo-1970, iinkampani zaseMelika zazifake i-carbon fiber kwisakhiwo seerakhethi zetenisi. Okwangoku, iirakhethi ezininzi zetenisi eziphakathi ukuya kweziphezulu zisebenzisa ilaphu le-carbon fiber. Iingenelo zalo ngaphezu kwezinye izinto zicacile. Ilaphu le-carbon fiber elinoxinano oluphantsi lenza uyilo lwerakhethi lube lula kwaye lube lukhulu; amandla alo aphezulu kunye neempawu zemodulus ziyenza ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu kakhulu lwentambo, ngesiqhelo i-20% ukuya kwi-40% ephezulu. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iipropati ezikhethekileyo zokungcangcazela zelaphu le-carbon fiber zinciphisa ukungcangcazela kwerakhethi, zibonelela abadlali ngentuthuzelo engcono.

2. Iibhayisekile, eziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kuqoqosho lwentlalo, zidlule nje ekubeni yindlela yokuthutha kwaye ziye zaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuqina komzimba, umthambo kunye nokhuphiswano kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Olu tshintsho lubonelela ngamathuba okuphucula ukusebenza kweebhayisekile. Ngokwesiqhelo, ilaphu le-carbon fiber lingasetyenziswa kwizinto ezine eziphambili zebhayisekile: isakhelo, ifolokhwe yangaphambili, i-crankset kunye ne-seat post. Ilaphu le-carbon fiber liyaziwa ngobunzima balo obulula, amandla aphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, okunokunciphisa ubunzima bebhayisekile kwaye kwenze abakhweli bakwazi ukuyilawula ngcono. Kwangaxeshanye, ilaphu le-carbon fiber linika iibhayisekile ubulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okudambisa ukungcangcazela.

Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, phantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe yokomelela komzimba kunye nokuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kwezemidlalo,amalaphu efayibha yekhabhoni, ngeenzuzo zazo zokusebenza ezipheleleyo, ziye zaba zizixhobo eziphambili zokufezekisa izixhobo zemidlalo ezilula nezisebenza kakuhle. Ngokuqhubeka kweenkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nokwenza ngcono iindleko, ukusetyenziswa kwamalaphu e-carbon fiber kwicandelo lezemidlalo kuya kwanda ngakumbi, kuqhubele phambili uphuhliso lwezixhobo zemidlalo ukuya kwicala elikhaphukhaphu, elinamandla, nelikrelekrele ngakumbi.