I-SuperClonundubugety yinto esemzimbeni apho ukunganyangeki kombane kwezinto zehlayo ukuya kwi-zero kubushushu obuthile. I-Barden-Cooper-Schrier (i-BCS) ithiyori yinkcazo esebenzayo, echaza i-SupercondondUnic kwizixhobo ezininzi. Ichaza ukuba iimboniselo ze-elektroniki zenziwa kwi-crystal lattle kubushushu obuphantsi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye ukuba i-BCS SuperCenctuty ivela kwi-progussation yabo. Nangona umdiliya ngokwakhe ongumqhubi obalaseleyo wombane, ayibonisi i-BCS SuperCondundund ngenxa yokucinezelwa kwe-elektroni-sebenzisane. Kungenxa yoko le nto abaqhubi 'abalungileyo' (njengegolide nobhedu) "" zimbi "ezimbi".
Abaphandi kwiziko le-themoretics ye-themoretic ye-themoretic ye-Mants (i-PCs) kwiZiko leSayensi esiSiseko (i-IBS, eMzantsi Afrika) baxele enye indlela entsha yokufikelela kwi-Grakrane. Bayifezekisile le nto ngokuphakamisa inkqubo ye-hybrid ene-raphene kunye ne-ainsten ye-ainstein ye-boese-e-einstein ye-Einstein (Bec). Olu phando lwapapashwa kwijenali yejenali.
Inkqubo ye-hybrid enerhasi ye-elench (umaleko ophezulu) eGraphene, ehlukaniswe kwi-bose-Einstein ye-Bose-Einstein ye-Bose-Einstein ye-Woose-Equin Ainstein, imelwe zizilingo ezingathanga ngqo (eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). I-elektroni kunye nezilwanyana eGraphene zidityaniswe ngamandla e-upolomb.
. . Umgca onamachaphaza aluhlaza ubonakalisa ubushushu benguqu ye-BKT njengomsebenzi woxinaniso lwe-coundte.
Ukongeza kwi-SuperCondounity, i-bec yenye into eyenzekayo yenzeka ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Yimeko yesihlanu yombandela okokuqala ngqalelo ngo-Einstein ngo-1924. Ukuqulunqwa kwenzeka xa ii-atom zamandla eziphantsi zihlanganisene kwaye zingene kwicandelo le-firds eqinisekisiweyo. Inkqubo ye-Hybrid Bose-Fermid ye-HERMI imele ukusebenzisana komaleko we-elektroni kunye nomaleko wezifo, ezinjengeekelwane ezingathanga ngqo, i-periton-polarons, njalo njalo. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-Bose kunye namatyotyombe akhokelela kwinoveli eyahlukeneyo kunye ne-phenomena enomdla, evuse umdla wawo omabini amaqela. Imbonakalo esisiseko nejolise kwisicelo.
Kulo msebenzi, abaphandi baxela indlela entsha yokuhamba kwe-supercondling eGraine, enokubangelwa kukusebenzisana phakathi kwee-elektroni kunye "nee-bogons" endaweni ye-phenons kwinkqubo ye-BCS eqhelekileyo. I-Bogolons okanye iBogoliubov ye-quasicals yimincili kwi-Bec, eneempawu ezithile zamasuntswana. Kwinqanaba elithile leparamitha, le nkqubo ivumela iqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo eGraine ukuba lifike phezulu njenge-70 kelvin. Abaphandi baphinde baphuhlise i-BCS entsha ye-BCSCOPIC egxile kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-Graphene entsha ye-hybrid. Imodeli abayimisela nemeko yokuba iipropathi eziphezulu zonyuswa zinokonyuka ngamaqondo obushushu, zikhokelela ekudeni kobushushu obungayithandiyo.
Ukongeza, izifundo zibonise ukuba ukusasazeka kwe-dirac yedirane ye-Graphene igcinwe kule nqanaba elineDilesi. Oku kubonisa ukuba le ndlela ibalaseleyo ibandakanya ii-elektroni ezinesifo sokusasazeka kwesalathiso, kwaye le phethanon ayikhange ihlolwe kakuhle kwi-fiysics.
Lo msebenzi tyhila enye indlela yokufezekisa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu e-SuperCenctund. Kwangelo xesha, ngokulawula iipropathi zendlela yokuphila, sinokuhlengahlengisa i-supercturety yaseGraphene. Oku kubonisa enye indlela yokulawula izixhobo zokuphelisa ii-supercondleting kwixesha elizayo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJUL-16 ukuya ku-1121 
