I-Superconductivity yinto ebonakalayo apho ukuxhathisa kombane kwezinto kwehla ukuya kwi-zero kwiqondo lokushisa elithile elibalulekileyo.Ithiyori yeBardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) yinkcazo esebenzayo, echaza i-superconductivity kwizinto ezininzi.Ibonisa ukuba ii-Cooper electron izibini zenziwe kwi-crystal lattice kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye i-BCS superconductivity ivela kwi-condensation yabo.Nangona igraphene ngokwayo ingumqhubi wombane ogqwesileyo, ayibonisi i-BCS superconductivity ngenxa yokucinezelwa kwe-electron-phonon interaction.Kungenxa yoko le nto uninzi lwabaqhubi "abalungileyo" (njengegolide kunye nobhedu) "zibi" ii-superconductors.
Abaphandi kwiziko le-Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems (PCS) kwiZiko leSayensi esiSiseko (IBS, South Korea) babike enye indlela entsha yokuphumeza i-superconductivity kwigraphene.Bayifezile le nto ngokuphakamisa inkqubo ye-hybrid eyenziwe ngegraphene kunye ne-Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) ene-dimensional ezimbini.Uphando lupapashwe kwijenali ye-2D Materials.
Inkqubo ye-hybride equka igesi ye-electron (umaleko ophezulu) kwigraphene, ehlulwe kwi-condensate ye-Bose-Einstein ene-dimensional-dimensional, emelwe yi-excitons engathanga ngqo (i-blue and red layers).Ii-electron kunye nee-excitons kwigraphene zidityaniswa yi-Coulomb force.
(a) Ukuxhomekeka kobushushu besithuba se-superconducting kwinkqubo ephakathin-mediated kunye nokulungiswa kobushushu (umgca odayiweyo) kwaye ngaphandle kokulungiswa kobushushu (umgca oqinileyo).(b) Iqondo lobushushu elibalulekileyo lotshintsho lwe-superconducting njengomsebenzi woxinaniso lwe-condensate kwintsebenziswano ephakathin kunye (nomgca odayiweyo obomvu) nangaphandle (umgca omnyama oqinileyo) ukulungiswa kobushushu.Umgca onamachaphaza aluhlaza ubonisa ubushushu benguqu ye-BKT njengomsebenzi woxinaniso lwecondensate.
Ukongeza kwi-superconductivity, i-BEC yenye into eyenzekayo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi.Yimeko yesihlanu yezinto ezaxelwa kwangaphambili ngu-Einstein ngo-1924. Ukwenziwa kwe-BEC kwenzeka xa iiathom zamandla aphantsi zidibana kunye kwaye zingena kwimo efanayo yamandla, eyinkalo yophando olubanzi kwi-condensed matter physics.Inkqubo ye-Bose-Fermi edibeneyo imele intsebenziswano yoluhlu lwee-electron ezinomaleko we-bosons, njenge-excitons engathanga ngqo, i-exciton-polarons, njalo njalo.Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Bose kunye ne-Fermi particles kwakhokelela kwiinoveli ezahlukeneyo kunye neziganeko ezinomdla, eziye zavusa umdla wamaqela omabini.Umbono osisiseko kunye nesicelo.
Kulo msebenzi, abaphandi babika indlela entsha ye-superconducting kwi-graphene, ebangelwa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-electron kunye "ne-bogolons" kunokuba iiphononi kwinkqubo ye-BCS eqhelekileyo.I-Bogolons okanye i-Bogoliubov quasiparticles yi-excitations kwi-BEC, eneempawu ezithile zeengqungquthela.Kuluhlu oluthile lweparamitha, lo matshini uvumela i-superconducting iqondo lobushushu elibalulekileyo kwigraphene ukuba lifikelele phezulu njenge-70 Kelvin.Abaphandi baye baphuhlisa ithiyori entsha ye-BCS ye-microscopic egxile ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-graphene entsha ye-hybrid.Imodeli abayicebileyo iphinda iqikelele ukuba iipropathi ze-superconducting zinokunyuka ngeqondo lokushisa, okukhokelela ekuxhomekeke ekuxhomekekeni kobushushu be-non-monotonic ye-gap ye-superconducting.
Ukongezelela, uphando lubonise ukuba i-Dirac yokusabalalisa i-graphene igcinwe kule skimu-mediated scheme.Oku kubonisa ukuba lo matshini we-superconducting ubandakanya ii-electron kunye ne-relativistic dispersion, kwaye le nto ayizange ihlolwe kakuhle kwi-physics ye-condensed matter.
Lo msebenzi ubonisa enye indlela yokufikelela kwi-high-temperature superconductivity.Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokulawula iipropati ze-condensate, sinokuhlengahlengisa i-superconductivity ye-graphene.Oku kubonisa enye indlela yokulawula izixhobo ze-superconducting kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-16-2021 
