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Kuyilo lokhuseleko lobushushu lweemveliso zeenqwelo-moya, kwizinto ezifuna ubukhulu obukhulu, ezineejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo, okanye ezisengozini yokuqhekeka koxinzelelo, izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo zihlala zisetyenziswa endaweni yezambatho zemveli zokhuseleko lobushushu. Ngaphezu koko, izakhiwo zokhuseleko lobushushu ezidityanisiweyo zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza: zinokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza ngqo kwindawo ethile yokhuseleko lobushushu, okanye zinokudityaniswa endaweni yazo kusetyenziswa imikhono yokhuseleko lobushushu edityanisiweyo esele yenziwe, ngaloo ndlela zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokulungiselela esebenzayo nelula. Okwangoku, ii-composites zeglasi ze-phenolic fiber zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zokhuseleko lobushushu ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, isivuno esiphezulu se-char, izinga eliphantsi lokukhupha, amandla aphezulu oomatshini, kunye nokuqina okugqwesileyo kwempembelelo.

Ii-phenolic glass fiber compositesZinamandla amakhulu okusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya. Indlela yazo yokukhusela ubushushu ibandakanya ukusebenzisana kweenkqubo ezininzi zokukhusela, kubandakanya ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, i-endothermic pyrolysis, ukufakelwa kobushushu okubonelelwa ngumaleko we-char, kunye nenkxaso yesakhiwo. Eli phepha liza kuhlalutya ngokuyintloko indlela yokukhusela ubushushu ngokwembono yokuthintela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, i-endothermic pyrolysis, kunye nokufakelwa kobushushu okubonelelwa ngumaleko we-char.

1. Ukuthintela ukuHanjiswa koBushushu

Ngaphakathi kwee-phenolic glass fiber composites, i-phenolic resin matrix ngokwayo ine-thermal conductivity ephantsi ngokwemvelo, enceda ekuthinteleni kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kobushushu bangaphandle. Xa izinto ezidityanisiweyo ziphantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu ezidibana nazo ngexesha lokubhabha, ubushushu buqala busasazeke ngaphakathi buvela kumphezulu ongaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, isakhiwo se-macromolecular chain esikwi-phenolic resin matrix sithintela iindlela zokuhanjiswa kobushushu, ngaloo ndlela sibangela ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwisantya sokudluliselwa kobushushu. Kwangaxeshanye, ubukho bee-glass fibers ngaphakathi kwe-composite butshintsha ngakumbi iindlela zokuhanjiswa kobushushu bangaphakathi. Ngaphezu koko, unxibelelwano phakathi kwee-glass fibers kunye ne-phenolic resin lubonisa ukumelana okuphezulu kobushushu; ngenxa yoko, ubushushu budibana ne-impedance eyongezelelweyo njengoko budlula kule interface, buthintela ngakumbi inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kobushushu kwaye bunciphise ngempumelelo izinga lokunyuka kobushushu ngaphakathi kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo.

2. I-Endothermic Pyrolysis

Xa ibekwe kwindawo engaphandle enobushushu obuphezulu, i-phenolic resin ifumana ii-reactions ze-pyrolysis eziqhubekayo. Le nkqubo ye-pyrolysis yi-endothermic reaction: xa ifunxa amandla obushushu, ii-chemical bonds ngaphakathi kwee-phenolic resin molecules ziyaqhekeka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto zibole zibe ziigesi ezincinci ze-molecule kunye nee-carbonaceous residues. Le nkqubo isebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla obushushu adluliselwa ukusuka kwindawo engaphandle ukuya kumphezulu we-composite, ngaloo ndlela ngaxeshanye yehlisa ubushushu bomphezulu wezinto ezidibeneyo. 3. Ukufakwa kobushushu nge-Char Layer

Njengoko impendulo ye-pyrolysis iqhubeka, umaleko we-char ukhula kancinci kancinci phezu komphezulu we-i-phenolic resin composite. Olu layer lwe-char lunesakhiwo esineembobo, kunye neembobo zalo ezizaliswe ziigesi ezibonisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu; olu phawu luphucula ngakumbi amandla okufakelwa kobushushu be-composite. Kwangaxeshanye, layer ye-char ibonakalisa ubume bomphezulu oqinileyo obukwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo oluthile lwe-aerodynamic kunye nemithwalo yoomatshini, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela izinto ezingaphantsi ezingatshiyo kwimiphumo yokukhuhla kunye nokukhukuliseka kokuhamba kwegesi kubushushu obuphezulu. Layer ye-char eyenziwe kumphezulu odibeneyo ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengomsebenzi wokukhusela kodwa, ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, inciphisa ukulahleka kobunzima kwi-composite, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ubomi benkonzo yesakhiwo sokukhusela ubushushu.